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【新智元导读】OpenAI成立短短四年,就已经成为世界领先的人工智能研究实验室之一。最重要的是,它因其使命而受到崇拜。OpenAI的目标是第一个创造AGI,并希望将其利益平均分配给全世界。

OpenAI成立短短四年,就已经成为世界领先的人工智能研究实验室之一,最重要的是,它因其使命而受到崇拜:它的目标是第一个创造AGI――一种具有人类思维的学习和推理能力的机器。而且该实验室希望将其利益平均分配给全世界。

然而经过六个月对OpenAI的深入采访,从MIT科技评论记者Karen Hao发回来的一篇特稿再次将OpenAI送上了风口浪尖。经过近三十几次采访,她发现了和宣传中很不一样的OpenAI。

最令人惊讶的是,埃隆・马斯克(Elon Musk)本人在该文章发表后批评了 OpenAI,并在推特上发文称,他们"应该更加开放"。关于人工智能的安全性,埃隆说:"我无法控制,对OpenAI的了解非常有限。对达里奥的安全信心不高。"

OpenAI还是ClosedAI,开放还是封闭?

采访过程中许多在该公司工作的人坚持匿名,因为他们没有得到发言的授权,或者担心遭到报复。他们的描述表明,OpenAI尽管有着崇高的抱负,但却执迷于保守秘密、保护自身形象和保持员工的忠诚。OpenAI的声明中称:"我们将强烈鼓励研究人员发表他们的研究成果,无论是论文、博客帖子还是代码,我们的专利(如果有的话)将与全世界共享。" 但实际上却是,OpenAI的研究领域已经变得越来越私有化,AGI总是保持模糊。没有人能够真正描述它可能是什么样子,或者它应该做什么。

OpenAI开始将这些知识视为自己的主要竞争优势。员工和实习生被明确告知不要透露这些信息,而离开的员工则签署了保密协议。一开始,这种程度的保密从来就不是目的,但现在已经成为习惯。随着时间的推移,领导层已经偏离了最初的信念,即开放是建立有益的AGI的最佳方式。现在,保持沉默的重要性给那些在实验室工作或工作的人留下了深刻的印象。

自称非营利却投入营利机构阵营被诟病

OpenAI精心打造了自己的形象以符合自己使命的要求,并作为一个非营利组织成立。该公司的第一份声明称,这种区别将使其能够"为所有人而非股东创造价值"。

然而,记者在OpenAI对过去和现在的员工、合作者、朋友和其他专家进行的近36次访谈――却呈现出一幅不同的画面。该公司公开支持的内容与它在幕后的运作方式之间存在偏差。随着时间的推移,它让激烈的竞争和越来越大的资金压力侵蚀了其透明、开放和合作的基本理念。

OpenAI通过设立一个"利润上限"来摆脱其非营利性的地位――一个对投资者回报有100倍限制的营利性机构。不久之后,它宣布了微软的10亿美元投资(尽管它没有透露这笔钱被分配给了微软的云计算平台Azure)。OpenAI面临这种取舍,不仅因为它不富裕,还因为它做出了战略选择,试图先于任何人接触AGI。这种压力迫使它做出的决定似乎越来越偏离其初衷。它急于吸引资金和人才,保护自己的研究以期保持优势,并追求一个计算能力强的战略――不是因为它被视为AGI的唯一出路,而是因为它看起来是最快的。

不出所料,此举引发了一波指责,称OpenAI违背了自己的使命,"喊着非盈利的口号,却投向营利机构的怀抱...简直是鬼扯"。

拒绝公开GPT-2源码到底是"噱头"还是经过了"深思熟虑"

大多数人第一次听说OpenAI是在2019年2月14日。那天,实验室宣布了一项令人印象深刻的新研究:一种只需按下按钮就能产生令人信服的论文和文章的模型。输入《指环王》里的一句话,或者麦莉・赛勒斯入店行窃的(假)新闻故事的开头,它就会以同样的方式一段一段地吐出文字。

研究人员说,这个被称为GPT-2的模型太危险了,不能释放。如果这种强大的技术落入坏人之手,它很容易被武器化,制造大规模的虚假信息。科学家们立即对此表示强烈反对,认为OpenAI是在搞宣传噱头。罗格斯大学研究人工智能产生的虚假信息的助理教授布里特帕里斯(Britt Paris)表示:"OpenAI似乎试图利用人们对人工智能的恐慌。"

不久,OpenAI改变了立场,宣布了"分阶段发布"的计划。在接下来的几个月里,它陆续推出了越来越强大的GPT-2版本。在持续不断的宣传指责中,OpenAI坚称GPT-2不是噱头。相反,这是一个经过深思熟虑的实验,是在一系列内部讨论和辩论后达成的。当时的共识是,即使这次的行动有点过火,但它将为处理更危险的研究树立一个先例。但OpenAI与GPT-2的媒体宣传活动也遵循了一种成熟的模式,这让更广泛的AI社区对此番操作产生了怀疑,而且其一系列的保密操作,引发了更激烈的反弹。

总之,对于OpenAI最重要的,是首先要弄清楚AGI到底是什么样子。只有到那时才能够"确保我们正在理解后果"。虽然OpenAI在其使命的路上有偏移,但OpenAI仍然是一个人才和前沿研究的堡垒,充满了真诚地为人类利益而努力工作的人们。换句话说,它仍然有最重要的元素,仍然有时间来改变。

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Popular AI startups to watch out for in 2020

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Artificial Intelligence is a revolutionary technology that we all have been well acquainted with for quite some time now. In our previous article, we have already discussed the progress of Artificial Intelligence and understood its outstanding phenomenon and groundbreaking technology that is strongly transforming how business operations take place across various business verticals.

From simple analytics to complex space engineering, AI has brought in great transformations. Almost every industry, be it healthcare, finance, supply chain, etc. has made infrastructural changes in a way to get adept with AI. There is a majority percent of companies that have understood the tremendous potential of AI and are making optimum use of this technology.

The AI is such a vast field and its surpassing benefits are the major reason why we see more and more AI-focused startups opening up. Many startups have seen the booming response and are making great profits besides making a big impact on the industry. On the other hand, some are still in the early stages of development.

As the year 2019 has ended and the New Year has begun, we thought of compiling a list of 10 Popular AI startups to watch out for in 2020.?

Fetch.ai is a platform that connects IoT devices and algorithms for collective learning. Its architecture helps in delivering a unique smart contract capability to deploy ML/AI solutions for decentralized problem-solving. The entire team of engineers and forward-thinking technology researchers at Fetch.ai are working on the convergence of blockchain, AI, and multi-agent systems.

Their main aim is to build a collective super-intelligence on top of decentralized economic internet built with a highly scalable next-generation distributed ledger technology, which when combined with machine learning delivers the predictions and infrastructure to power the future economy. Their core technology is successfully revolutionizing many industries, thereby improving efficiency through optimization of existing systems.

The team is dedicatedly working on various projects like Commodity exchange and decentralized finance, smart parking and congestion solution, smart eMobility and electric vehicle infrastructure, transport and mobility, and other projects like Smart cities, smart homes, intelligent autonomous supply chains, etc.

Hero Labs was started with the aim to solve real-life problems. The company delivers products and services to enhance people’s life with smart technology. The team of product designers, engineers, data scientists, and user experience specialists at Hero Labs has used the very best components and technology named Signal for Sonic that is targeted for the UK audience initially. The team has brought together an advanced IoT platform, hardware, and applications to set a new standard in smart technology.?Advanced DSP (Digital Signal processing), machine learning techniques, cutting-edge HD ultrasonic technology, etc. are some of the key features of Sonic.

Odin Vision is founded by a team of clinicians, medical imaging, and artificial intelligence (AI) experts whop believed that AI will create a new era of healthcare by supporting doctors to deliver higher quality care leading to improved patient outcomes and better value for healthcare payers. The main aim was to develop the next generation of AI-enabled applications for endoscopic procedures.

The team uses AI-enabled application for gastroenterology. Creating a suite of tools that support doctors to improve detection and diagnosis of disease, Odin Vision is doing wonders in the medical field. Their award-winning, deep learning technology has been developed by academic and clinical experts at University College London who have been leading this research field for the past 20 years.

DataRobot is the world’s only trusted enterprise AI platform that was started with the aim to impact one million lives in the first year. DataRobot ensures to enable various organizations to leverage the transformational power of AI. In 2018, DataRobot embarked on an initiative to develop sustainable water solutions with the Global Water Challenge (GWC). DataRobot is partnering with non-profit organizations to use data to create sustainable and lasting impacts. The DataRobot AI platform democratizes data science and automates the end-to-end process for building, deploying, and maintaining AI at scale.

DeepMap is a company that aims to accelerate safe autonomy by providing the world's best HD mapping and localization services. The growing team of experienced engineers and product visionaries collectively has built mapping technologies in use. It has provided mapping technology to some of the major brands in the automobile sector.

is a company that builds next-generation AI agents to improve and empower the overall experience. Wingman is a personal AI agent that serves and empowers people.?The company focuses on building next-generation AI agents that will serve humans to enhance their productive and creative potential. The team combines RL and DRL agents with semantics and relational reasoning components to understand human goals and directives.

OpenAI is a research laboratory in San Francisco, California that aims to ensure that Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) benefits all of humanity. OpenAI is governed by the board of OpenAI Nonprofit that works on advancing AI capabilities, safety, and policy. OpenAI builds free software for training, benchmarking, and experimenting with AI, and much more.

Founded out of Imperial College London, Move.ai is a company that combines industry computer vision, AI, and machine learning to create enterprise software solutions from real-time performance data in the field of entertainment and sport. The company builds vision software to instantly generate performance data (speed, acceleration, distance, shapes, etc.) from video feeds in any sport. Move.ai uses one camera to generate instant movement data across speed, distance, ball tracking, and player tracking and body form analysis, which can plug into any graphics engine or third-party API.

Deepsync is a company that is making audio production ten times faster and cheaper. It simply learns how you speak and saves hours of manual recording. Deepsync's algorithms are designed to learn from the complexity of voice and capture a million little details to make your voice unique. It then speaks exactly like you.

Ravin.ai is an automotive company that uses deep learning AI technology and computer vision to autonomously inspect vehicles for damage. The experienced team at Ravin.ai combines expertise in AI, software design, and development?and automotive engineering to ensure the world’s most automated vehicle inspector is there to monitor, detect, and assess vehicle conditions properly. Different camera types are used in different physical conditions to detect damages, reduce inspection costs, and restore trust anywhere vehicles change hands. Self-insured fleets used car salesmen, and insurers get benefitted by the technology offered by Rivan.ai.

To sum up, Artificial Intelligence is indeed the present and future of global


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OpenAI是一家从事机器学习和人工智能研究的公司,它能够在模型训练和维护方面提供有力的支持。Python是一种流行的脚本语言,它的功能丰富,能够实现复杂的应用程序,与OpenAI进行对接也是可能的。本文将介绍如何使用Python与OpenAI进行对接,以更好地发挥它们的功能。

首先,要想使用Python与OpenAI进行对接,需要安装OpenAI库。可以在Python官网上下载OpenAI库,然后安装到本地。安装完成后,可以使用OpenAI库中提供的各种功能,实现Python与OpenAI的对接。

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接下来,要想实现Python与OpenAI的对接,还需要构建Python环境,这是操作的基础。可以使用Python IDLE、PyCharm等工具,创建Python文件,并编写Python代码,构建Python环境,可以更好地实现Python与OpenAI的对接。

有了OpenAI库和Python环境,就可以调用OpenAI库中的函数,实现Python与OpenAI的对接。在Python代码中,可以使用OpenAI库提供的函数,进行机器学习和人工智能的研究,可以更好地实现Python与OpenAI的对接。

接下来,要想实现Python与OpenAI的对接,还需要运行Python程序。编写完Python代码后,可以使用Python IDLE、PyCharm等工具,运行Python程序,调用OpenAI函数,实现Python与OpenAI的对接。

最后,要想实现Python与OpenAI的对接,还需要检验结果。可以使用OpenAI库提供的函数,检查模型训练和维护的结果,确保有效性,实现Python与OpenAI的对接。

总之,使用Python与OpenAI进行对接,需要安装OpenAI库、构建Python环境、调用OpenAI函数、运行Python程序、检验结果等步骤,只有按照这些步骤操作,才能实现Python与OpenAI的对接,发挥它们的功能。

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